TY - GEN
T1 - A safer formulation concept for flame-generated engineered nanomaterials
AU - Gass, Samuel
AU - Pyrgiotakis, Georgios
AU - Cohen, Joel M.
AU - Sotiriou, Georgios A.
AU - Pratsinis, Sotiris E.
AU - Demokritou, Philip
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Engineering less toxic nanomaterials that maintain valuable functional properties is crucial to the sustainability of the nanotech industry. Herein, a safer formulation concept for flame-generated nanomaterials based on the encapsulation of potentially toxic nanomaterials by a biologically inert nanothin amorphous SiO 2 layer was explored. The core-shell particles maintain specific properties of their core material but exhibit surface properties of their SiO 2 shell. The SiO 2-coating was performed using a previously developed flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) based Versatile Engineered Nanomaterial Generation System (VENGES) in which core ENMs are coated in-flight by the swirl injection of hexamethyldisoloxane (HMDSO). The versatility of the proposed SiO 2-coating process was demonstrated on a number of ENMs (CeO 2, Fe 2O 3, ZnO, Ag) marked by their prevalence in consumer products as well as their range in toxicity. Furthermore, the fundamentals of the SiO 2-coating process were investigated for each ENM. State of the art analytical methods were used to assess the core material structure, composition and morphology (XRD, BET, and TEM). The coating efficiency for each ENM was also assessed by XPS and Chemisorption. Moreover, the effect of the SiO 2-coating on the mobility and aggregation potential of ENMs in water, biological media and air were explored using state of the art analytical methods and instrumentation (DLS, SMPS). Finally, the effect of the SiO 2 coating on the particle-cellular interactions was investigated using a variety of cellular lines (A459, THP1, and human primary monocyte-derived macrophages) and cellular toxicological assays (MTT, LDH and Live/Dead). Results confirmed that the SiO 2 coating of ENMs can significantly reduce the toxicity of the the core material. This method can be scaled up by the nanotechnology industry and used to mediate environmental healh and safety issues related to flame generated ENMs.
AB - Engineering less toxic nanomaterials that maintain valuable functional properties is crucial to the sustainability of the nanotech industry. Herein, a safer formulation concept for flame-generated nanomaterials based on the encapsulation of potentially toxic nanomaterials by a biologically inert nanothin amorphous SiO 2 layer was explored. The core-shell particles maintain specific properties of their core material but exhibit surface properties of their SiO 2 shell. The SiO 2-coating was performed using a previously developed flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) based Versatile Engineered Nanomaterial Generation System (VENGES) in which core ENMs are coated in-flight by the swirl injection of hexamethyldisoloxane (HMDSO). The versatility of the proposed SiO 2-coating process was demonstrated on a number of ENMs (CeO 2, Fe 2O 3, ZnO, Ag) marked by their prevalence in consumer products as well as their range in toxicity. Furthermore, the fundamentals of the SiO 2-coating process were investigated for each ENM. State of the art analytical methods were used to assess the core material structure, composition and morphology (XRD, BET, and TEM). The coating efficiency for each ENM was also assessed by XPS and Chemisorption. Moreover, the effect of the SiO 2-coating on the mobility and aggregation potential of ENMs in water, biological media and air were explored using state of the art analytical methods and instrumentation (DLS, SMPS). Finally, the effect of the SiO 2 coating on the particle-cellular interactions was investigated using a variety of cellular lines (A459, THP1, and human primary monocyte-derived macrophages) and cellular toxicological assays (MTT, LDH and Live/Dead). Results confirmed that the SiO 2 coating of ENMs can significantly reduce the toxicity of the the core material. This method can be scaled up by the nanotechnology industry and used to mediate environmental healh and safety issues related to flame generated ENMs.
KW - Core-shell nanoparticles
KW - ENM
KW - FSP
KW - Mitigating toxicity
KW - Nanotoxicology
KW - SiO coating
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M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84865016305
SN - 9781466562769
T3 - Technical Proceedings of the 2012 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech 2012
SP - 323
EP - 326
BT - Technical Proceedings of the 2012 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech 2012
T2 - Nanotechnology 2012: Bio Sensors, Instruments, Medical, Environment and Energy - 2012 NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo, NSTI-Nanotech 2012
Y2 - 18 June 2012 through 21 June 2012
ER -