TY - JOUR
T1 - Active commuting and the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
AU - Wu, Jian
AU - Li, Quanman
AU - Feng, Yu
AU - Bhuyan, Soumitra S.
AU - Tarimo, Clifford Silver
AU - Zeng, Xin
AU - Wu, Cuiping
AU - Chen, Ning
AU - Miao, Yudong
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding This study was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (grant number 2018YFC0114501) ; 2021 Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province（grant number YJS2021KC07; Zhengzhou University 2020 Key Project of Discipline Construction (grant number XKZDQY202007); Use Internet medical technology to help build an interconnected intelligent health service system (grant number SB201901072). Competing interests None declared. Patient consent for publication Not required. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Data availability statement Data are available upon request. Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.
Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2021/6/25
Y1 - 2021/6/25
N2 - Active commuting may hold a potential for preventing adverse health outcomes. However, evidence of the association of active commuting and the risk of health outcomes remains debatable. The current study systematically and quantitatively summarised research findings on the association between active commuting and the risk of the mentioned health outcomes. We comprehensively searched four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Open Grey) from inception to 2 August 2020 for observational studies investigating the associations among adult population. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated for the association. Heterogeneity was investigated using Cochran's Q test and the I 2 statistic. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate linear and nonlinear relations. The search yielded 7581 initial references. We included 28 articles in the meta-analysis. Compared with inactive commuting, active commuting reduced the risk of obesity (RR=0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94, I 2 =69.1%), hypertension (RR=0.95, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.04, I 2 =82.2%) and diabetes (RR=0.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.90, I 2 =44.5%). Restricted cubic splines showed linear associations between active commuting and obesity, hypertension and diabetes (P nonlinearity =0.640; P nonlinearity =0.886; P nonlinearity =0.099). As compared with the lowest active commuting group, the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes in the highest active commuting group were reduced by 13% (95% CI 0.82 to 0.93, I 2 =65.2%); 6% (95% CI 0.86 to 1.02, I 2 =75.2%) and 19% (95% CI 0.73 to 0.91, I 2 =49.8%) respectively. Active commuting seemed to be associated with lower risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because this meta-analysis was based solely on observational studies. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020202723.
AB - Active commuting may hold a potential for preventing adverse health outcomes. However, evidence of the association of active commuting and the risk of health outcomes remains debatable. The current study systematically and quantitatively summarised research findings on the association between active commuting and the risk of the mentioned health outcomes. We comprehensively searched four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Open Grey) from inception to 2 August 2020 for observational studies investigating the associations among adult population. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated for the association. Heterogeneity was investigated using Cochran's Q test and the I 2 statistic. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate linear and nonlinear relations. The search yielded 7581 initial references. We included 28 articles in the meta-analysis. Compared with inactive commuting, active commuting reduced the risk of obesity (RR=0.88, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.94, I 2 =69.1%), hypertension (RR=0.95, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.04, I 2 =82.2%) and diabetes (RR=0.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.90, I 2 =44.5%). Restricted cubic splines showed linear associations between active commuting and obesity, hypertension and diabetes (P nonlinearity =0.640; P nonlinearity =0.886; P nonlinearity =0.099). As compared with the lowest active commuting group, the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes in the highest active commuting group were reduced by 13% (95% CI 0.82 to 0.93, I 2 =65.2%); 6% (95% CI 0.86 to 1.02, I 2 =75.2%) and 19% (95% CI 0.73 to 0.91, I 2 =49.8%) respectively. Active commuting seemed to be associated with lower risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously because this meta-analysis was based solely on observational studies. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020202723.
KW - Diabetes
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Public health
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85108876643&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005838
DO - 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005838
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85108876643
SN - 2059-7908
VL - 6
JO - BMJ Global Health
JF - BMJ Global Health
IS - 6
M1 - e005838
ER -