Community Violence, PTSD, Hopelessness, Substance Use, and Perpetuation of Violence in an Urban Environment

Uma Raman, Philip A. Bonanno, Devika Sachdev, Aparna Govindan, Atharva Dhole, Oluwafeyijimi Salako, Jay Patel, Lama R. Noureddine, Jessica Tu, Jenieve Guevarra-Fernández, Ashley Leto, Christopher Nemeh, Aesha Patel, Alexis Nicheporuck, Ashley Tran, Cheryl A. Kennedy