Development of a bronchopulmonary dysplasia nutrition focused physical examination tool: A modified Delphi study

Objective: The objectives of this study were to identify factors impacting nutrition needs in infants and children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). A modified Delphi approach to obtain consensus among pediatric registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) was used to create a BPD-specific nutrition focused physical examination (NFPE) tool. Study design: RDNs, recruited through pediatric nutrition professional associations, completed a survey rating proposed NFPE components on a Likert scale of 1-5 allowing open-ended responses in a two-round Delphi. Responses were analyzed, deidentified, and results were returned to panelists for in-round feedback. Consensus was defined a priori as 75% agreement for usefulness or relevance ± 1 standard deviation. Results: Six domains (anthropometrics, body composition, development, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and physical signs) and 38 components achieved consensus. Conclusion: Components for an evidence-based tool to enhance nutrition assessment in infants and children with BPD were identified with consensus agreement by an expert panel of 19 pediatric RDNs.