@article{26fa712cb67e4c4eaf13d183afe47a29,
title = "Dimethyl sulfoxide protects Escherichia coli from rapid antimicrobial-mediated killing",
abstract = "The contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to antimicrobial lethality was examined by treating Escherichia coli with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an antioxidant solvent frequently used in antimicrobial studies. DMSO inhibited killing by ampicillin, kanamycin, and two quinolones and had little effect on MICs. DMSO-mediated protection correlated with decreased ROS accumulation and provided evidence for ROS-mediated programmed cell death. These data support the contribution of ROS to antimicrobial lethality and suggest caution when using DMSO-dissolved antimicrobials for short-time killing assays.",
author = "Hongfei Mi and Dai Wang and Yunxin Xue and Zhi Zhang and Jianjun Niu and Yuzhi Hong and Karl Drlica and Xilin Zhao",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Marila Gennaro, Richard Pine, and Erika Shor for critical comments on our work. We also thank Wei Zhang for technical help with flow cytometry analysis. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 81473251, 81301474, and 31370166), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (grants 2014J01139 and 2015J01345), the Early-Stage Project of National Key Basic Research Program of China (grant 2014CB560710), the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics (grant 2015001), and the National Institutes of Health (grants AI073491 and DP2OD007423). We declare no conflicts of interest. This work, including the efforts of Xilin Zhao, was funded by Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics (2015001). This work, including the efforts of Xilin Zhao, was funded by Early-Stage Project of National Key Basic Research Program of China (2014CB560710). This work, including the efforts of Karl Drlica and Xilin Zhao, was funded by HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) (DP2OD007423 and AI073491). This work, including the efforts of Dai Wang and Xilin Zhao, was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (81473251, 81301474, and 31370166). This work, including the efforts of Dai Wang and Xilin Zhao, was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation) (2014J01139 and 2015J01345). Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2016",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1128/AAC.03003-15",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "60",
pages = "5054--5058",
journal = "Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy",
issn = "0066-4804",
publisher = "American Society for Microbiology",
number = "8",
}