@article{a5c4a024b741463b9bbb91b640a84406,
title = "Dwarf geckos and giant rivers: The role of the S{\~a}o Francisco River in the evolution of Lygodactylus klugei (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in the semi-arid Caatinga of north-eastern Brazil",
abstract = "Species diversification can be strongly influenced by geomorphological features, such as mountains, valleys and rivers. Rivers can act as hard or soft barriers to gene flow depending on their size, speed of flow, historical dynamics and regional topographical characteristics. The S{\~a}o Francisco River (SFR) is the largest perennial river in the Caatinga biome in north-eastern Brazil and has been considered a barrier to gene flow and dispersal. Herein, we evaluated the role of the SFR on the evolution of Lygodactylus klugei, a small gecko from the Caatinga. Using a single-locus species delimitation method (generalized mixed Yule coalescent), we defined lineages (haploclades). Subsequently, we evaluated the role of the SFR in structuring genetic diversity in this species using a multilocus approach to quantify migration across margins. We also evaluated genetic structure based on nuclear markers, testing the number of populations found through an assignment test (STRUCTURE) across the species distribution. We recovered two mitochondrial lineages structured with respect to the SFR, but only a single population was inferred from nuclear markers. Given that we detected an influence of the SFR only on mitochondrial markers, we suggest that the current river course has acted as a relatively recent geographical barrier for L. klugei, for ~450 000 years.",
keywords = "divergence, gene flow, lizard, multilocus, recent barrier, riverine hypothesis, single locus",
author = "Lanna, {Fl{\'a}via M.} and Marcelo Gehara and Werneck, {Fernanda P.} and Fonseca, {Emanuel M.} and Colli, {Guarino R.} and Sites, {Jack W.} and Rodrigues, {Miguel T.} and Garda, {Adrian A.}",
note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to students, postdoctoral assistants and researchers who worked in collaboration with the laboratories of A.A.G., G.R.C., F.P.W. and M.T.R. for help with fieldwork and donation of samples. We are grateful to C{\'e}sar Aguilar, Derek Tucker, Luciano J. {\'A}vila, Mariana Morando, Perry L. Wood and Randy Klabacka for laboratory assistance. We also thank Eliana F. Oliveira, Gabriel C. Costa, Sydney K. Decker, Ian J. Brackett, Stuart A. Ludsin and anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions and comments on the manuscript. F.M.L. and E.M.F. thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient{\'i}fico e Tecnol{\'o}gico (CNPq) for their graduate scholarships. F.P.W. thanks the Science Without Borders Program from CNPq (#374307/2012-1), Coordena{\c c}{\~a}o de Apoio {\`a} Forma{\c c}{\~a}o de Pessoal de N{\'i}vel Superior (CAPES)/Fulbright (#15073722-2697/06-8), CNPq (project 475559/2013-4 and productivity fellowship 305535/2017-0), Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas/ FAPEAM (062.00665/2015 and 062.01110/2017), the Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research/PEER programme (AID-OAA-A-11-00012) and the L{\textquoteright}Or{\'e}al-UNESCO For Women In Science programme for financial support. F.P.W. and J.W.S. Jr thank the US National Science Foundation for a Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant award (DEB-1210346), and J.W.S. Jr also thanks NSF for an Emerging Frontiers in Biodiversity award (EF-1241885) and thanks the Bean Life Science Museum at Brigham Young University. G.R.C. thanks CAPES, CNPq, Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Apoio {\`a} Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) and PEER program for financial support. M.T.R. thanks Funda{\c c}{\~a}o de Amparo {\`a} Pesquisa do Estado de S{\~a}o Paulo (FAPESP 2003/10335-8 and 2011/50146-6), CNPq and the Dimensions of Biodiversity Program [FAPESP (BIOTA, 2013/50297-0), NSF (DOB 1343578) and NASA]. A.A.G. thanks CNPq (563352/2010-8, 552031/2011-9, 431433/2016-0 and 457463/2012-0) and CAPES (23038.005577/2012-28 and 23038.009565/2013-53) for financial support.",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/biolinnean/blz170",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "129",
pages = "88--98",
journal = "Biological Journal of the Linnean Society",
issn = "0024-4066",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "1",
}