@article{09f64da365a846ac89b033f61f41fd25,
title = "Functional variant in a bitter-taste receptor (hTAS2R16) influences risk of alcohol dependence",
abstract = "A coding single-nucleotide polymorphism (cSNP), K172N, in hTAS2R16, a gene encoding a taste receptor for bitter β-glucopyranosides, shows significant association with alcohol dependence (P = .00018). This gene is located on chromosome 7q in a region reported elsewhere to exhibit linkage with alcohol dependence. The SNP is located in the putative ligand-binding domain and is associated with an increased sensitivity to many bitter β-glucopyranosides in the presence of the N172 allele. Individuals with the ancestral allele K172 are at increased risk of alcohol dependence, regardless of ethnicity. However, this risk allele is uncommon in European Americans (minor-allele frequency [MAF] 0.6%), whereas 45% of African Americans carry the allele (MAF 26%), which makes it a much more significant risk factor in the African American population.",
author = "Hinrichs, {Anthony L.} and Wang, {Jen C.} and Bernd Bufe and Kwon, {Jennifer M.} and John Budde and Rebecca Allen and Sarah Bertelsen and Whitney Evans and Danielle Dick and John Rice and Tatiana Foroud and John Nurnberger and Tischfield, {Jay A.} and Samuel Kuperman and Raymond Crowe and Victor Hesselbrock and Marc Schuckit and Laura Almasy and Bernice Porjesz and Edenberg, {Howard J.} and Henri Begleiter and Wolfgang Meyerhof and Bierut, {Laura J.} and Goate, {Alison M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The COGA (principal investigator: H. Begleiter; coprincipal investigators: L. Bierut, H. Edenberg, V. Hesselbrock, and B. Porjesz) includes nine different centers where data collection, analysis, and storage take place. The nine sites and principal investigators and coinvestigators are: University of Connecticut (V. Hesselbrock); Indiana University (H. Edenberg, J. Nurnberger Jr., P. M. Conneally, and T. Foroud); University of Iowa (S. Kuperman and R. Crowe); State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn (B. Porjesz and H. Begleiter); Washington University (L. Bierut, A. Goate, and J. Rice); University of California at San Diego (M. Schuckit); Howard University (R. Taylor); Rutgers University (J. Tischfield); and Southwest Foundation (L. Almasy). Zhaoxia Ren serves as the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) staff collaborator. This national collaborative study is supported by National Institutes of Health grant U10AA08401 from the NIAAA. W. Meyerhof is the recipient of a grant from the German Science Foundation. In memory of Theodore Reich, coprincipal investigator of COGA since its inception and one of the founders of modern psychiatric genetics, we acknowledge his immeasurable and fundamental scientific contributions to COGA and the field. ",
year = "2006",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1086/499253",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "78",
pages = "103--111",
journal = "American Journal of Human Genetics",
issn = "0002-9297",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "1",
}