Gender and political violence in Latin America: Concepts, debates and solutions

Violence against women in politics is increasingly recognized around the world "but especially in Latin America" as an emerging tactic to deter women's political participation. We survey how this concept has been defined by academics and practitioners across the region "largely in terms of physical and psychological violence" and draw on global data and research in various disciplines to propose expanding this concept to include two further forms of violence: economic and symbolic. We provide examples of all four types of violence in Latin American countries and then consider a range of solutions that might be pursued in light of this broader definition. We emphasize that a comprehensive approach provides the best means for tackling violence in all its forms.