Interferons

Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by a variety of cells in the inflammatory response to infections. Their production is triggered by the immune system in response to pathogens or cytokines. Once triggered, they induce numerous molecular changes that affect cellular responses including cell growth and inflammation. IFNs can play both pathological and beneficial roles in the nervous system. Endogenous IFNs play a role in viral infections of the nervous system, and therapeutic use of IFNs is common in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Research suggests that IFNs may also be beneficial in the treatment of other viral, autoimmune, and neoplastic conditions of the nervous system.