Lower urinary tract symptoms in older Chinese American women: prevalence and risk factors

Introduction and hypothesis: The aim was to examine the prevalence of and risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a community-dwelling cohort of older Chinese American women. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cross-sectional population-based survey of community-dwelling Chinese Americans aged 60 and older in English, Mandarin, Cantonese, Taishanese, or Teochew between 2011 and 2013. A clinical Review of Systems (ROS) was used to assess LUTS, which included urinary frequency, urgency, burning or pain, blood in urine, and urinary incontinence. Results: Of the 1,829 women queried, 28.6% reported LUTS. The cohort of women who reported LUTS had a mean ± SD age of 74.7 ± 8.7 years, with a BMI of 23.4 ± 3.7 kg/m² and had lived in the USA for 21.5 ± 13.1 years. Nearly 90% earned less than $10,000 a year, 50% were married, and 50% used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) once monthly or more. In comparison with women without LUTS, women with LUTS had significantly higher rates of medical comorbidities and a poorer perception of their general health and quality of life. In multivariate regression analysis, any LUTS were significantly associated with older age (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.04), TCM use (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.34–2.07), anxiety (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.02–2.06), depression (aOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.53–2.61), and a history of stroke (aOR 1.90, 95% CI 1.19–3.02). Conclusions: Lower urinary tract symptoms are common among older Chinese American women, particularly in those who are older, use TCM regularly, or report a history of anxiety, depression, or stroke.