TY - JOUR
T1 - Methodologies for assessing exposure to metals
T2 - Speciation, bioavailability of metals, and ecological host factors
AU - Peakall, David
AU - Burger, Joanna
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the many people attending the SGOMSEC meeting for their helpful discussions, M. Gochfeld for comments on the article, B. Buckley for comments on metal analysis, and R. Ramos for graphics. I particularly thank Beth Peakall for providing some missing information after David's passing. J.B.s research has been supported by NIEHS (ESO 5022), the Consortium for Risk Evaluation with Stakeholder Participation (CRESP) through the Department of Energy cooperative agreement (AI♯DE-FC01-95EW55084, DE-FG 26-00NT 40938), and the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute. This research was conducted under a Rutgers University protocol.
PY - 2003/9
Y1 - 2003/9
N2 - Host factors play a role in the bioavailability of metals, making it critical to understand their nature and how to measure them, as well as how to measure bioavailability with respect to host factors. The host factors that are critical to consider during all phases of bioavailability studies are age, gender, size, genetic characteristics, behavior (food chain considerations), and interactions between all of them. Some of these vulnerabilities are unique to individuals, populations, species, or communities. There are many interactions between and among metals, the species of metals, and the physical environment (pH, salinity). Some factors enhance uptake and absorption, whereas others moderate it. Moreover, some metals have greater effects on invertebrate organisms, whereas other metals (or species thereof) affect vertebrates more strongly. Fish and wildlife are useful as sentinel species and bioindicators because they can help us understand the risk to the organisms themselves, to the ecosystem, and to humans.
AB - Host factors play a role in the bioavailability of metals, making it critical to understand their nature and how to measure them, as well as how to measure bioavailability with respect to host factors. The host factors that are critical to consider during all phases of bioavailability studies are age, gender, size, genetic characteristics, behavior (food chain considerations), and interactions between all of them. Some of these vulnerabilities are unique to individuals, populations, species, or communities. There are many interactions between and among metals, the species of metals, and the physical environment (pH, salinity). Some factors enhance uptake and absorption, whereas others moderate it. Moreover, some metals have greater effects on invertebrate organisms, whereas other metals (or species thereof) affect vertebrates more strongly. Fish and wildlife are useful as sentinel species and bioindicators because they can help us understand the risk to the organisms themselves, to the ecosystem, and to humans.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00055-1
DO - 10.1016/S0147-6513(03)00055-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 12915145
AN - SCOPUS:0041662262
SN - 0147-6513
VL - 56
SP - 110
EP - 121
JO - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
IS - 1
ER -