TY - JOUR
T1 - Nut Consumption and Renal Function Among Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes
AU - Ajjarapu, Aparna S.
AU - Hinkle, Stefanie N.
AU - Wu, Jing
AU - Li, Mengying
AU - Rawal, Shristi
AU - Francis, Ellen C.
AU - Chen, Liwei
AU - Pitsava, Georgia
AU - Bjerregaard, Anne A.
AU - Grunnet, Louise G.
AU - Vaag, Allan
AU - Zhu, Yeyi
AU - Ma, Ronald C.W.
AU - Damm, Peter
AU - Mills, James L.
AU - Olsen, Sjurdur F.
AU - Zhang, Cuilin
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was conceived and designed by C.Z. The data were analyzed by S.N.H, J.W., A.S.A, M.L., and C.Z. Funding was obtained by C.Z. The first draft of the manuscript was prepared by A.S.A and S.N.H and was edited with the input from all authors who read and approved of the final manuscript. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development at the National Institutes of Health [contract numbers HHSN275201000020C, HHSN275201500003C, HHSN275201300026I, HSN275201100002I], March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation [6-FY-96-0240, 6-FY97-0553, 6-FY97-0521, 6-FY00-407], Innovation Fund Denmark [grant number 09-067124 and 11-115923, “Centre for Fetal Programming”], the Health Foundation [11/263-96], the Heart Foundation [96-2-4-83-22450], the EU (FP7-289346-EarlyNutrition), the Danish Diabetes Academy supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, and career development awards from the National Institutes of Health Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health Program (grant # 5K12HD05216) and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases (grant #K01DK120807). Financial Disclosure: A.S.A., S.N.H., J.W., M.L., S.R., E.F., L.C., G.P., A.A.B., L.G.G., Y.Z., R.C.W.M., P.D., J.L.M., S.F.O., and C.Z. have no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article. A.A.V. is employed by AstraZeneca.
Funding Information:
This study was conceived and designed by C.Z. The data were analyzed by S.N.H, J.W., A.S.A, M.L., and C.Z. Funding was obtained by C.Z. The first draft of the manuscript was prepared by A.S.A and S.N.H and was edited with the input from all authors who read and approved of the final manuscript. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development at the National Institutes of Health [contract numbers HHSN275201000020C , HHSN275201500003C , HHSN275201300026I , HSN275201100002I ], March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation [ 6-FY-96-0240 , 6-FY97-0553 , 6-FY97-0521 , 6-FY00-407 ], Innovation Fund Denmark [grant number 09-067124 and 11-115923 , “Centre for Fetal Programming”], the Health Foundation [ 11/263-96 ], the Heart Foundation [ 96-2-4-83-22450 ], the EU (FP7-289346-EarlyNutrition), the Danish Diabetes Academy supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation , and career development awards from the National Institutes of Health Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health Program (grant # 5K12HD05216 ) and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases (grant # K01DK120807 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Objective: Nut intake has been associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, but few studies have examined its association with renal function. We examined associations between nut intake and renal function among women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a population with an increased risk for renal dysfunction. Design and Methods: This study included 607 women with a history of GDM who participated in the Diabetes & Women's Health Study (2012-2014) follow-up clinical examination in Denmark. At the clinic, biospecimens were collected, and habitual intake of nuts (9 types) in the past year was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. A total of 330 women free of major chronic diseases were included in the analysis. Total nut intake was classified as none (≤1 serving/month), monthly (2-3 servings/month), weekly (1-6 servings/week), and daily (≥1 serving/day). One serving was defined as 28 g. Renal function markers included estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), calculated based on plasma creatinine (mg/dL), and urinary albumin (mg/L), and creatinine (mg/dL) measurements, respectively. We estimated percent differences with 95% confidence intervals for each outcome by nut intake, adjusted for current body mass index, age, physical activity, energy intake, alcohol consumption, and vegetables intake. Results: We observed a nonlinear association between total nut intake and UACR with lowest UACR values among women with weekly intake. Compared to women with weekly intake (n = 222), the adjusted UACR values were higher by 86% [95% confidence interval: 15%, 202%], 24% [−1%, 54%], and 117% [22%, 288%] among women with no (n = 13), monthly (n = 86), and daily (n = 9) intake, respectively. Compared to weekly consumers, daily nut consumers also had 9% [0%, 19%] significantly higher eGFR values, but eGFR values were similar among women with no and monthly intake. Conclusion: Moderate nut consumption may be beneficial to kidney health among women with prior GDM.
AB - Objective: Nut intake has been associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, but few studies have examined its association with renal function. We examined associations between nut intake and renal function among women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a population with an increased risk for renal dysfunction. Design and Methods: This study included 607 women with a history of GDM who participated in the Diabetes & Women's Health Study (2012-2014) follow-up clinical examination in Denmark. At the clinic, biospecimens were collected, and habitual intake of nuts (9 types) in the past year was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. A total of 330 women free of major chronic diseases were included in the analysis. Total nut intake was classified as none (≤1 serving/month), monthly (2-3 servings/month), weekly (1-6 servings/week), and daily (≥1 serving/day). One serving was defined as 28 g. Renal function markers included estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), calculated based on plasma creatinine (mg/dL), and urinary albumin (mg/L), and creatinine (mg/dL) measurements, respectively. We estimated percent differences with 95% confidence intervals for each outcome by nut intake, adjusted for current body mass index, age, physical activity, energy intake, alcohol consumption, and vegetables intake. Results: We observed a nonlinear association between total nut intake and UACR with lowest UACR values among women with weekly intake. Compared to women with weekly intake (n = 222), the adjusted UACR values were higher by 86% [95% confidence interval: 15%, 202%], 24% [−1%, 54%], and 117% [22%, 288%] among women with no (n = 13), monthly (n = 86), and daily (n = 9) intake, respectively. Compared to weekly consumers, daily nut consumers also had 9% [0%, 19%] significantly higher eGFR values, but eGFR values were similar among women with no and monthly intake. Conclusion: Moderate nut consumption may be beneficial to kidney health among women with prior GDM.
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U2 - 10.1053/j.jrn.2019.10.005
DO - 10.1053/j.jrn.2019.10.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 31959496
AN - SCOPUS:85077980009
VL - 30
SP - 415
EP - 422
JO - Journal of Renal Nutrition
JF - Journal of Renal Nutrition
SN - 1051-2276
IS - 5
ER -