@article{02a0310a87f64157beddc2217c6d618a,
title = "Rapid screening of toxic glycoalkaloids and micronutrients in edible nightshades (Solanum spp.)",
abstract = "African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) because of their nutrient density have the unique potential to reduce micronutrient deficiencies in sub-Saharan Africa, yet some may also contain anti-nutritive compounds. Vegetable nightshades from Solanum americanum, Solanum nigrum, Solanum scabrum and Solanum villosum are among the major AIVs used as a leafy vegetables and consumed regularly in many countries in sub-Sahara Africa. These under-recognized food crops have not been subjected to extensive studies for their nutritional and antinutritive factors. In this study, 15 entries of the vegetable nightshades were field-grown and the leaves which are the consumed product of commerce chemically profiled by LC/ESI-MS. Twenty-three flavones, eight saponins, and two glycoalkaloids along with a phenolic acid of chlorogenic acid were identified by MS and UV data. Anti-nutrient glycoalkaloids were quantified as total aglycones after acidic hydrolysis using MS detection and found to be within safe-consumption thresholds by comparison with the glycoalkaloid level in the globally consumed Solanum member eggplants. Edible nightshades were also found to be sources of β-carotene, vitamin E and total polyphenols and exhibited high antioxidant activity. Results of this study support that consumption of vegetable nightshades are safe from the presence of glycoalkaloids and thus, can contribute to the reduction of micronutrient deficiency in sub-Sahara Africa.",
keywords = "Alkaloids, Antioxidant activity, Carotene, Flavonoids, Saponins, Solanum, Vitamin E",
author = "Bo Yuan and David Byrnes and Daniel Giurleo and Thomas Villani and Simon, {James E.} and Qingli Wu",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Horticulture Innovation Lab with funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID EPA-A-00-09-00004 ), as part of the U.S. Government's global hunger and food security initiative, Feed the Future, for project titled “Improving nutrition with African indigenous vegetables” in eastern Africa. This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the Horticulture Innovation Lab and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. This work is part of the senior authors dissertation research for food science. We thank Agilent Instruments, the New Jersey Agriculture Experiment Station (HATCH project 12131) and the World Vegetable Center. We also thank John Bowman, USAID-Washington, D.C., and Beth Mitcham, UC-Davis for their support and leadership in the Horticulture Innovation Lab. Funding Information: This research was supported by the Horticulture Innovation Lab with funding from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID EPA-A-00-09-00004), as part of the U.S. Government's global hunger and food security initiative, Feed the Future, for project titled ?Improving nutrition with African indigenous vegetables? in eastern Africa. This study was made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the Horticulture Innovation Lab and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. This work is part of the senior authors dissertation research for food science. We thank Agilent Instruments, the New Jersey Agriculture Experiment Station (HATCH project 12131) and the World Vegetable Center. We also thank John Bowman, USAID-Washington, D.C., and Beth Mitcham, UC-Davis for their support and leadership in the Horticulture Innovation Lab. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017",
year = "2018",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1016/j.jfda.2017.10.005",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "26",
pages = "751--760",
journal = "Journal of Food and Drug Analysis",
issn = "1021-9498",
publisher = "National Laboratories of Foods and Drugs",
number = "2",
}