@article{ffd8842afef84d1a824ff9d54f5dd8dc,
title = "Skewness of mean transverse momentum fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions",
abstract = "We propose the skewness of mean transverse momentum (pt) fluctuations as a fine probe of hydrodynamic behavior in relativistic nuclear collisions. We describe how the skewness of the (pt) distribution can be analyzed experimentally, and we use hydrodynamic simulations to predict its value. We predict, in particular, that (pt) fluctuations have positive skew, which is significantly larger than if particles were emitted independently. We elucidate the origin of this result by deriving generic formulas relating the fluctuations of (pt) to the fluctuations of the early-time thermodynamic quantities. We postulate that the large positive skewness of (pt) fluctuations is a generic prediction of hydrodynamic models.",
author = "Giuliano Giacalone and Gardim, {Fernando G.} and Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler and Ollitrault, {Jean Yves}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank C. Shen, B. Schenke, and D. Teaney for useful discussions. F.G.G. was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico (CNPq) Grant No. 312932/2018-9, by INCT-FNA Grant No. 464898/2014-5, and by FAPESP Grant No. 2018/24720-6. G.G., and J.-Y.O. were supported by USP-COFECUB (Grant No. Uc Ph 160-16, 2015/13). J.N.-H. acknowledges the support of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and support from the US-DOE Nuclear Science Grant No. DE-SC0020633. The work of G.G. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC 2181/1 - 390900948 (the Heidelberg STRUCTURES Excellence Cluster), SFB 1225 (ISOQUANT) and FL 736/3-1. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 American Physical Society.",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevC.103.024910",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "103",
journal = "Physical Review C",
issn = "2469-9985",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "2",
}