TY - JOUR
T1 - Sol-gel processing of ionic conductors
AU - Klein, L. C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support from the Center for Ceramics Research, a University-Industry Cooperative Center, New Jersey Commission on Science and Technology, is appreciated as are helpful discussions with M. Greenblatt, N. Le Bars and H. de Lambilly of Rutgers.
PY - 1989
Y1 - 1989
N2 - The sol-gel process, in general, refers to the chemical synthesis of oxides starting with hydrolyzable metal alkoxides. For alkali ion conducting silicates, suitable precursors are mixed in alcohol solutions. Typically the compositions include silica, zirconia, phosphoric acid and boric acid along with alkali salts. Hydrolysis and polymerization lead to a sol-gel transition, when an oxide skeleton condenses in the presence of solvent. The gel may be deposited as a thin film, drawn into a fiber or cast as a bulk shape. After the solvent is removed, the microporous xerogel is the material of interest in terms of ionic/protonic conductivity. Since the porosity is open and interconnected, the gel can be infiltrated with alkali salts. The microporosity can be removed by sintering, at which time the gel transforms to dense glass.
AB - The sol-gel process, in general, refers to the chemical synthesis of oxides starting with hydrolyzable metal alkoxides. For alkali ion conducting silicates, suitable precursors are mixed in alcohol solutions. Typically the compositions include silica, zirconia, phosphoric acid and boric acid along with alkali salts. Hydrolysis and polymerization lead to a sol-gel transition, when an oxide skeleton condenses in the presence of solvent. The gel may be deposited as a thin film, drawn into a fiber or cast as a bulk shape. After the solvent is removed, the microporous xerogel is the material of interest in terms of ionic/protonic conductivity. Since the porosity is open and interconnected, the gel can be infiltrated with alkali salts. The microporosity can be removed by sintering, at which time the gel transforms to dense glass.
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U2 - 10.1016/0167-2738(89)90339-1
DO - 10.1016/0167-2738(89)90339-1
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0024613462
SN - 0167-2738
VL - 32-33
SP - 639
EP - 645
JO - Solid State Ionics
JF - Solid State Ionics
IS - PART 2
ER -