Sol-gel synthesis of amorphous five-component oxide systems using crown ether complexation: ZBLAN gels

Engineering & Materials Science

• Crown ethers 100%
• Complexation 77%
• Sol-gels 61%
• Gels 49%
• Oxides 40%
• Positive ions 29%
• Lanthanum 16%
• Barium 16%
• Sol-gel process 15%
• Electron microscopy 15%
• Heavy metals 15%
• Zirconium 14%
• Sodium 12%
• X ray diffraction 11%
• Glass 9%
• Aluminum 9%
• Chemical analysis 7%

Physics & Astronomy

• ethers 52%
• gels 36%
• synthesis 33%
• oxides 29%
• cations 19%
• metal fluorides 17%
• sol-gel processes 13%
• heavy metals 13%
• chemical analysis 13%
• lanthanum 12%
• barium 12%
• homogeneity 11%
• sodium 10%
• electron microscopy 10%
• aluminum 8%
• glass 6%
• diffraction 6%
• x rays 5%

Chemical Compounds

• Crown Ether 48%
• Complexation 35%
• Amorphous Material 32%
• Gel 29%
• Oxide 25%
• Barium Cation 19%
• Aluminium Cation 18%
• Fluoride Glass 17%
• Cation 13%
• Homogeneity 10%
• Electron Microscopy 10%
• Heavy Metal 9%
• Sol Gel Process 9%
• Sodium Atom 7%
• X-Ray Diffraction 5%