TY - JOUR
T1 - The crime kaleidoscope
T2 - A cross-jurisdictional analysis of place features and crime in three urban environments
AU - Barnum, Jeremy D.
AU - Caplan, Joel M.
AU - Kennedy, Leslie W.
AU - Piza, Eric L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Justice (2012-IJ-CX-0038). The views presented are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of the National Institute of Justice.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Research identifies various place features (e.g., bars, schools, public transportation stops) that generate or attract crime. What is less clear is how the spatial influence of these place features compares across relatively similar environments, even for the same crime. In this study, risk terrain modeling (RTM), a geospatial crime forecasting and diagnostic tool, is utilized to identify place features that increase the risk of robbery and their particular spatial influence in Chicago, Illinois; Newark, New Jersey; and Kansas City, Missouri. The results show that the risk factors for robbery are similar between environments, but not necessarily identical. Further, some factors were riskier for robbery and affected their surrounding landscape in different ways that others. Consistent with crime pattern theory, the results suggest that the broader organization of the environmental backcloth affects how constituent place features relate to and influence crime. Implications are discussed with regard to research and practice.
AB - Research identifies various place features (e.g., bars, schools, public transportation stops) that generate or attract crime. What is less clear is how the spatial influence of these place features compares across relatively similar environments, even for the same crime. In this study, risk terrain modeling (RTM), a geospatial crime forecasting and diagnostic tool, is utilized to identify place features that increase the risk of robbery and their particular spatial influence in Chicago, Illinois; Newark, New Jersey; and Kansas City, Missouri. The results show that the risk factors for robbery are similar between environments, but not necessarily identical. Further, some factors were riskier for robbery and affected their surrounding landscape in different ways that others. Consistent with crime pattern theory, the results suggest that the broader organization of the environmental backcloth affects how constituent place features relate to and influence crime. Implications are discussed with regard to research and practice.
KW - Crime pattern theory
KW - Risk terrain modeling
KW - Robbery
KW - Spatial influence
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.12.011
DO - 10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.12.011
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85009386864
SN - 0143-6228
VL - 79
SP - 203
EP - 211
JO - Applied Geography
JF - Applied Geography
ER -