The hemodynamics of vein grafts: Measurement and meaning

The long-term patency of infrainguinal vein grafts appears to depend primarily on the size and quality of the venous conduit. Therefore, those quantities which directly relate to the conduit's ability to act as a transporter of blood, namely internal diameter and longitudinal impedance (Z_L), have predictive value for patency. Autologous grafts of good quality frequently remain patent even with compromised outflow. Therefore, those quantities that are outflow dependent, including ΔP, flow, velocity, shear stress, and resistance, carry less predictive value for long-term performance.