TY - GEN
T1 - Towards flexible wireless charging for medical implants using distributed antenna system
AU - Fan, Xiaoran
AU - Shangguan, Longfei
AU - Howard, Richard
AU - Zhang, Yanyong
AU - Peng, Yao
AU - Xiong, Jie
AU - Ma, Yunfei
AU - Li, Xiang Yang
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the reviewers and our shepherd for their insightful comments. We also thank Dr. Lin Zhong for providing us useful feedback on the early version of this work. This work is supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS, Grant No. ZDBS-LY-JSC001 and partially supported by 2030 National Key AI Program of China Grant No. 2018AAA0100500. Corresponding author: yanyongz@ustc.edu.cn
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 ACM.
PY - 2020/4/16
Y1 - 2020/4/16
N2 - This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of In-N-Out, a software-hardware solution for far-field wireless power transfer. In-N-Out can continuously charge a medical implant residing in deep tissues at near-optimal beamforming power, even when the implant moves around inside the human body. To accomplish this, we exploit the unique energy ball pattern of distributed antenna array and devise a backscatter-assisted beamforming algorithm that can concentrate RF energy on a tiny spot surrounding the medical implant. Meanwhile, the power levels on other body parts stay in low level, reducing the risk of overheating. We proto-type In-N-Out on 21 software-defined radios and a printed circuit board (PCB). Extensive experiments demonstrate that In-N-Out achieves 0.37 mW average charging power inside a 10 cm-thick pork belly, which is sufficient to wirelessly power a range of commercial medical devices. Our head-to-head comparison with the state-of-the-art approach shows that In-N-Out achieves 5.4X-18.1X power gain when the implant is stationary, and 5.3X-7.4X power gain when the implant is in motion.
AB - This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of In-N-Out, a software-hardware solution for far-field wireless power transfer. In-N-Out can continuously charge a medical implant residing in deep tissues at near-optimal beamforming power, even when the implant moves around inside the human body. To accomplish this, we exploit the unique energy ball pattern of distributed antenna array and devise a backscatter-assisted beamforming algorithm that can concentrate RF energy on a tiny spot surrounding the medical implant. Meanwhile, the power levels on other body parts stay in low level, reducing the risk of overheating. We proto-type In-N-Out on 21 software-defined radios and a printed circuit board (PCB). Extensive experiments demonstrate that In-N-Out achieves 0.37 mW average charging power inside a 10 cm-thick pork belly, which is sufficient to wirelessly power a range of commercial medical devices. Our head-to-head comparison with the state-of-the-art approach shows that In-N-Out achieves 5.4X-18.1X power gain when the implant is stationary, and 5.3X-7.4X power gain when the implant is in motion.
KW - backscatter
KW - distributed beam-forming
KW - medical implants
KW - wireless charging
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U2 - 10.1145/3372224.3380899
DO - 10.1145/3372224.3380899
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85086145791
T3 - Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MOBICOM
SP - 280
EP - 294
BT - Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MobiCom 2020
PB - Association for Computing Machinery
T2 - 26th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MobiCom 2020
Y2 - 21 September 2020 through 25 September 2020
ER -