Translation

Translation Studies (TS) revolves around the study of translation-related phenomena, from linguistic, discursive, pragmatic, or cognitive issues to social, cultural, historical, ideological, ethical, or political aspects that surround translational practices. As a consolidated discipline (Lambert 2013; Munday 2012), it represents an exciting field of study that has vastly expanded since the second part of the last century, when the first attempts at separating it from neighboring disciplines occurred. Interdisciplinary in nature (Wilss 1999), it initially used theoretical models and methodologies from partner disciplines, mainly literary theory and, then, applied linguistics (AL) from the middle of the 20th century (i.e., Catford 1965; Vázquez Áyora 1977; Vinay and Dalbernet 1958). It then started to systematically distill and produce distinctive theoretical models and research methodologies that developed into distinctive areas, many of them closely related to linguistics, such as textual approaches to translation (i.e., García Izquierdo 2000; Neubert and Shreve 1992), corpus-based Translation Studies (Baker 1995; Corpas 2008; Laviosa 2002), genrebased approaches (i.e., García Izquierdo 2005; García Izquierdo and Monzó 2003), or cognitive translatology (Halverson 2010a; Muñoz Martin 2013a, 2013b; Shreve and Angelone 2010). After an initial consolidation period, TS has enjoyed a considerable development since the 1980s and continues to grow, with new developments such as the ‘technological turn’ (O’Hagan 2013) that keep redefining both translational phenomena worldwide and the theoretical underpinnings behind it (Jiménez-Crespo 2013; Munday 2012).