TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D and intestinal calcium absorption
AU - Christakos, Sylvia
AU - Dhawan, Puneet
AU - Porta, Angela
AU - Mady, Leila J.
AU - Seth, Tanya
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant DK38961-22 to S.C.
PY - 2011/12/5
Y1 - 2011/12/5
N2 - The principal function of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis is to increase calcium absorption from the intestine. Calcium is absorbed by both an active transcellular pathway, which is energy dependent, and by a passive paracellular pathway through tight junctions. 1,25Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2D 3) the hormonally active form of vitamin D, through its genomic actions, is the major stimulator of active intestinal calcium absorption which involves calcium influx, translocation of calcium through the interior of the enterocyte and basolateral extrusion of calcium by the intestinal plasma membrane pump. This article reviews recent studies that have challenged the traditional model of vitamin D mediated transcellular calcium absorption and the crucial role of specific calcium transport proteins in intestinal calcium absorption. There is also increasing evidence that 1,25(OH) 2D 3 can enhance paracellular calcium diffusion. The influence of estrogen, prolactin, glucocorticoids and aging on intestinal calcium absorption and the role of the distal intestine in vitamin D mediated intestinal calcium absorption are also discussed.
AB - The principal function of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis is to increase calcium absorption from the intestine. Calcium is absorbed by both an active transcellular pathway, which is energy dependent, and by a passive paracellular pathway through tight junctions. 1,25Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2D 3) the hormonally active form of vitamin D, through its genomic actions, is the major stimulator of active intestinal calcium absorption which involves calcium influx, translocation of calcium through the interior of the enterocyte and basolateral extrusion of calcium by the intestinal plasma membrane pump. This article reviews recent studies that have challenged the traditional model of vitamin D mediated transcellular calcium absorption and the crucial role of specific calcium transport proteins in intestinal calcium absorption. There is also increasing evidence that 1,25(OH) 2D 3 can enhance paracellular calcium diffusion. The influence of estrogen, prolactin, glucocorticoids and aging on intestinal calcium absorption and the role of the distal intestine in vitamin D mediated intestinal calcium absorption are also discussed.
KW - Calcium
KW - Intestine
KW - Paracellular pathway
KW - Transcellular pathway
KW - Vitamin D
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U2 - 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.038
DO - 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.038
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21664413
AN - SCOPUS:82455167902
VL - 347
SP - 25
EP - 29
JO - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
JF - Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
SN - 0303-7207
IS - 1-2
ER -